The most common emergency affecting a patient with diabetes is hypoglycaemia or "low blood sugar".

Low blood sugar is an emergency. You can help by knowing what to do.

• Confusion, slurring of words (patients can appear "drunk")
• Falling level of consciousness (not being awake)
• Sweating
• Tremor or shakiness

• If conscious – give something sweet to eat (e.g. lollies) and then give them a small meal
• If unconscious – lie the patient on their side
• Call 111 for an ambulance if they are unconscious or not improving

To test your knowledge and learn the basics of giving First Aid, why not try our free fun online programme at everydayhero.org.nz? For comprehensive First Aid information please refer to the St John Emergency Handbook. You can also ensure you are ready to help by completing a St John First Aid course.